Shutoff valves are needed for system maintenance. There should be a shutoff valve at the intake structure(s), storage tank, and at the start of the distribution system if the tank is located away from the community.
Cleanout valves should be installed throughout the system in low points in the system or along long, flat runs where sediment can build up in the pipes. Opening the cleanout valve should be part of the quarterly maintenance program in the community.
The picture to the left shows a cleanout valve and shutoff valve. The system can be shutoff so that all water leaves through the cleanout valve. A Y-shaped branch would be preferred to the T shown in the picture to put less stress on the fitting. 
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